Legislation to Expand the Supreme Court

Review legislation introduced in Congress to expand the U.S. Supreme Court from nine to thirteen justices, including the Judiciary Acts of 2021 and 2023.

Last updated July 30, 2026

119th Congress (2025-2026)

May 4, 2026 - H.R. 8647 - Representative Green's Original Legislation to Increase from 9 to 13 the Number of Justices of the Supreme Court, Sponsored by Rep. Al Green (D-TX-9)

Status: This bill was referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary on May 4, 2026.

118th Congress (2023-2024)

May 17, 2023 - H.R. 3422 - Judiciary Act of 2023, Sponsored by Rep. Hank Johnson (D-GA-4)

May 16, 2023 - S. 1616 - Judiciary Act of 2023, Sponsored by Sen. Edward Markey (D-MA)

Status: These bills did not advance before the 118th Congress ended and are no longer pending. They remain an important model for future legislation.

117th Congress (2021-2022)

April 15, 2021 - H.R. 2584 - Judiciary Act of 2021, Sponsored by Rep. Hank Johnson (D-GA-4)

April 15, 2021 - S. 1141 - Judiciary Act of 2021, Sponsored by Sen. Edward Markey (D-MA)

Status: These bills did not advance before the 117th Congress ended and are no longer pending. They remain an important model for future legislation.

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